![]() What is noteworthy about all of these early approaches is the explicit assumption that people could experience various patterns of burnout, which might change at different points in time. The phase model hypothesized that cynicism is the early minimum phase of burnout, followed by the additions of inefficacy, and finally by exhaustion. A third approach was the phase model, in which the three burnout dimensions were split into high and low categories, yielding eight different patterns, or phases, of burnout. A process model, which emerged from the earlier qualitative work, proposed a first stage of emotional exhaustion, in response to work demands that taxed people’s emotional resources a second stage of depersonalization, as people tried to cope by withdrawal and negative, cynical reactions and a third stage of reduced personal accomplishment, when people began to experience inefficacy and failure. For example, the transactional model of burnout proposed a first stage of an imbalance between work demands and individual resources (job stressors), a second stage of an emotional response of exhaustion and anxiety (individual strain), and a third stage of changes in attitudes and behavior, such as greater cynicism (defensive coping). The potential of having three interrelated dimensions of burnout was first discussed in terms of a sequence of stages over time. The measure that emerged from that psychometric research was the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assessed these three dimensions and has been used in many research studies over the years. That research identified three basic dimensions: exhaustion (also described as wearing out, loss of energy, depletion, debilitation, and fatigue) feelings of cynicism and detachment from the job (also described as depersonalization, negative or inappropriate attitudes, detached concern, irritability, loss of idealism, and withdrawal) and a sense of professional inefficacy and lack of accomplishment (also described as reduced productivity or capability, low morale, and an inability to cope). Based on this exploratory work, psychometric research was carried out to establish a method for assessing the burnout experience. ![]() The first phase of research on the phenomenon of burnout involved a lot of exploratory, qualitative field studies, which amassed many descriptions of the burnout phenomenon based on observations, interviews, case studies, and personal experience. Latent burnout profiles: A new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Used with educators, including teachers, administrators, other staff members, and volunteers working in any educational setting.ĭesigned for use with occupational groups other than human services and education, including customer service, maintenance, manufacturing, management and most other professions.įor adult students such as those enrolled in college and university programs. Includes slightly modified wording: instead of referring to “recipients”, the MBI-HSS (MP) uses the term “patients”. MBI-HSS for Medical Personnel, MBI-HSS (MP) nurses, physicians, health aides, social workers, health counselors, therapists, police, correctional officers, clergy, and others focused on helping people live better lives by offering guidance, preventing harm, and treating physical, emotional or cognitive problems. For professionals in the human services, e.g. The original and most widely used version of the MBI. This article also includes discussion of the MBI and Areas of Worklife Survey constructs in burnout. ![]() From the Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual, 1996Īn excellent review of the implications of burnout on the brain is available from the APS Observer. The consequences of burnout are potentially very serious for workers, their clients, and the larger institutions in which they interact. Workers may feel unhappy about themselves and dissatisfied with their accomplishments on the job. A third aspect of the burnout syndrome, reduced personal accomplishment, refers to the tendency to evaluate oneself negatively, particularly with regard to one's work with clients. This callous or even dehumanized perception of others can lead staff members to view their clients as somehow deserving of their troubles. ![]() Another aspect of the burnout syndrome is the development of depersonalization, that is, negative, cynical attitudes and feelings about one's clients. A key aspect of the burnout syndrome is increased feelings of emotional exhaustion - as emotional resources are depleted, workers feel they are no longer able to give of themselves at a psychological level. Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people in some capacity. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |